ANAND CLASSES explore Case Study-Based MCQs on Nutrition in Living Organisms for Class 10 Science (Biology). These multiple-choice questions (MCQs) cover essential topics like nutrients, deficiency diseases, digestion, and balanced diets, helping students prepare for CBSE exams effectively.
Case Study 1: Understanding the Role of Nutrients
Riya is a Class 10 student who is preparing for her school’s sports competition. Her coach advises her to maintain a balanced diet for better energy and muscle recovery. She starts consuming more carbohydrate-rich foods like rice and bread before workouts to get instant energy. After her training, she takes protein-rich foods like eggs and milk to help her muscles recover. Her teacher also emphasizes the importance of minerals like calcium for strong bones and vitamins for immunity.
Question 1
Why did Riya’s coach suggest carbohydrate-rich foods before workouts?
A) To provide long-term energy storage
B) To help with muscle recovery
C) To provide instant energy
D) To improve digestion
✅ Answer: C) To provide instant energy
💡 Explanation: Carbohydrates are quickly broken down into glucose, which provides immediate energy for physical activities like running and exercising.
Question 2
Why does Riya consume protein-rich foods after workouts?
A) To get instant energy
B) To strengthen bones
C) To repair and build muscles
D) To increase body fat
✅ Answer: C) To repair and build muscles
💡 Explanation: Proteins help in muscle recovery and growth after physical activities. They provide amino acids necessary for muscle repair.
Question 3
Which of the following minerals is essential for bone strength?
A) Iron
B) Calcium
C) Sodium
D) Magnesium
✅ Answer: B) Calcium
💡 Explanation: Calcium plays a crucial role in strengthening bones and teeth. It is found in milk, cheese, and leafy vegetables.
Case Study 2: Effects of Nutrient Deficiency
Amit, a 15-year-old student, often feels tired and weak during the day. He also notices that he gets frequent infections and his wounds take longer to heal. His doctor advises him to improve his diet by increasing iron, vitamin C, and protein intake. The doctor explains that iron is necessary for hemoglobin production, vitamin C helps in immunity, and proteins aid in body repair.
Question 1
What is the possible cause of Amit’s tiredness?
A) Lack of vitamin D
B) Iron deficiency
C) Excess protein intake
D) Too much carbohydrate consumption
✅ Answer: B) Iron deficiency
💡 Explanation: Iron is essential for making hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. A deficiency of iron can lead to anemia, causing tiredness and weakness.
Question 2
How does Vitamin C help in preventing infections?
A) It helps in digestion
B) It improves immunity
C) It strengthens bones
D) It increases blood sugar levels
✅ Answer: B) It improves immunity
💡 Explanation: Vitamin C helps the body fight infections and promotes wound healing. It is found in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons.
Case Study 3: Importance of Water in Nutrition
Pooja is a Class 10 student who often experiences headaches and fatigue after her school hours. She also has trouble concentrating in class. Her teacher advises her to drink more water throughout the day. Pooja later realizes that on days when she drinks enough water, she feels more energetic and focused.
Question 1
What could be the reason for Pooja’s headaches and fatigue?
A) Lack of vitamins
B) Dehydration
C) Protein deficiency
D) Excessive salt intake
✅ Answer: B) Dehydration
💡 Explanation: Water is essential for maintaining body functions. Dehydration can cause fatigue, headaches, and difficulty in concentration.
Case Study 4: Impact of Junk Food on Health
Rahul, a Class 10 student, enjoys eating fast food like burgers, chips, and soft drinks almost every day. He often skips home-cooked meals and prefers packaged snacks. After a few months, he notices that he has gained weight, feels tired often, and finds it difficult to concentrate in class. His doctor advises him to reduce his intake of junk food and include more fruits, vegetables, and home-cooked meals in his diet.
Question 1
What could be the reason for Rahul’s weight gain?
A) High intake of proteins
B) High intake of fats and sugars
C) Excessive water consumption
D) Low intake of vitamins
✅ Answer: B) High intake of fats and sugars
💡 Explanation: Junk food contains unhealthy saturated fats and sugars, which lead to weight gain, obesity, and other health problems.
Question 2
Why does Rahul feel tired and unable to concentrate?
A) Deficiency of proteins
B) Excess carbohydrates
C) Lack of essential nutrients
D) Excess fiber in his diet
✅ Answer: C) Lack of essential nutrients
💡 Explanation: Junk food lacks essential nutrients like iron, vitamins, and proteins, which are required for energy and brain function. This results in fatigue and difficulty concentrating.
Question 3
Which vitamin is most important for brain function and concentration?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin A
✅ Answer: B) Vitamin B12
💡 Explanation: Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in nerve function and brain development. A deficiency can lead to poor memory and lack of focus.
Case Study 5: Importance of Balanced Diet in Adolescence
Sneha is a 14-year-old girl who recently noticed that her hair is falling, her nails are brittle, and she often feels weak and dizzy. Her mother consults a doctor, who suggests that she might have iron and protein deficiency. He advises her to include green leafy vegetables, pulses, eggs, and dairy products in her diet.
Question 1
What is the main reason behind Sneha’s symptoms?
A) Lack of carbohydrates
B) Protein and iron deficiency
C) Excess sugar intake
D) Too much physical activity
✅ Answer: B) Protein and iron deficiency
💡 Explanation: Iron deficiency leads to anemia, causing weakness and dizziness, while protein deficiency results in hair loss and brittle nails.
Question 2
Which of the following is the best source of iron for Sneha?
A) Citrus fruits
B) Green leafy vegetables
C) Rice and wheat
D) Butter and cheese
✅ Answer: B) Green leafy vegetables
💡 Explanation: Iron-rich foods like spinach, broccoli, and beans help in increasing hemoglobin levels and preventing anemia.
Case Study 6: Effect of Malnutrition on Children
In a rural village, a health survey found that many children had swollen bellies, thin arms, and stunted growth. Doctors identified that these children were suffering from malnutrition due to a lack of proteins and essential nutrients in their diet. Their diet mainly consisted of rice and very few vegetables, with little or no protein intake. The government launched a program to provide mid-day meals in schools to improve their nutrition.
Question 1
What type of nutritional deficiency are the children suffering from?
A) Vitamin deficiency
B) Kwashiorkor
C) Obesity
D) Diabetes
✅ Answer: B) Kwashiorkor
💡 Explanation: Kwashiorkor is a severe protein deficiency disease that causes swollen belly, stunted growth, and thin limbs in children. It occurs due to lack of proteins in the diet.
Question 2
What is the purpose of the mid-day meal program launched by the government?
A) To promote healthy eating habits
B) To provide free food to students
C) To ensure that children get essential nutrients
D) To reduce food wastage in schools
✅ Answer: C) To ensure that children get essential nutrients
💡 Explanation: The mid-day meal program aims to provide balanced nutrition to school children, helping to reduce malnutrition and improve their health.
Case Study 7: Importance of Fiber in Diet
Aarav, a Class 10 student, frequently suffers from constipation and stomach pain. His doctor advises him to include more fiber-rich foods like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in his diet. After following this advice for a few weeks, Aarav notices an improvement in his digestion and overall health.
Question 1
Why was Aarav experiencing constipation?
A) Lack of protein in his diet
B) Excess intake of fats
C) Deficiency of dietary fiber
D) Too much sugar in his food
✅ Answer: C) Deficiency of dietary fiber
💡 Explanation: Fiber helps in digestion by adding bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass through the intestines. Lack of fiber leads to constipation.
Question 2
Which of the following foods is a good source of fiber?
A) White rice
B) Processed cheese
C) Green leafy vegetables
D) Fried snacks
✅ Answer: C) Green leafy vegetables
💡 Explanation: Green leafy vegetables, whole grains, and fruits like apples and bananas are rich in dietary fiber, which aids digestion.
Case Study 8: Dehydration and Its Effects
Meera, a Class 10 student, spends a lot of time outdoors playing sports. She often forgets to drink enough water, leading to dizziness, dry skin, and headaches. Her teacher advises her to drink at least 8-10 glasses of water daily and include water-rich fruits like watermelon and cucumber in her diet.
Question 1
What is the most likely reason for Meera’s dizziness?
A) Lack of carbohydrates
B) Dehydration
C) Protein deficiency
D) Overeating
✅ Answer: B) Dehydration
💡 Explanation: Dehydration causes loss of essential electrolytes, leading to dizziness, fatigue, and headaches. Drinking water regularly prevents these issues.
Question 2
Which of the following foods can help prevent dehydration?
A) Chips and fried snacks
B) Coffee and tea
C) Watermelon and cucumber
D) Ice cream and chocolates
✅ Answer: C) Watermelon and cucumber
💡 Explanation: Watermelon and cucumber contain high amounts of water, helping to keep the body hydrated.
Case Study 9: The Role of Vitamins in Health
Rohit, a 14-year-old student, has been experiencing night blindness and frequent infections. His doctor diagnoses him with a Vitamin A and Vitamin C deficiency. He is advised to consume more carrots, citrus fruits, and green vegetables.
Question 1
Which vitamin deficiency caused night blindness in Rohit?
A) Vitamin B
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin A
D) Vitamin D
✅ Answer: C) Vitamin A
💡 Explanation: Vitamin A is essential for good vision, especially in low-light conditions. A deficiency leads to night blindness.
Question 2
Why was Rohit getting frequent infections?
A) Lack of carbohydrates
B) Deficiency of Vitamin C
C) Excess protein intake
D) Low-fat consumption
✅ Answer: B) Deficiency of Vitamin C
💡 Explanation: Vitamin C boosts immunity and helps fight infections. A deficiency weakens the immune system, making a person more prone to illnesses.
Case Study 10: Calcium Deficiency and Bone Health
Anjali, a Class 10 student, often experiences pain in her legs and weak bones. Her doctor tells her that she has a calcium and Vitamin D deficiency. She is advised to drink milk, eat cheese, and spend time in sunlight to improve her bone health.
Question 1
Which nutrient is mainly responsible for strong bones and teeth?
A) Iron
B) Vitamin C
C) Calcium
D) Protein
✅ Answer: C) Calcium
💡 Explanation: Calcium is essential for bone and teeth strength. It is found in dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese.
Question 2
Why is Anjali advised to spend time in sunlight?
A) To improve digestion
B) To get Vitamin D
C) To boost energy levels
D) To reduce stress
✅ Answer: B) To get Vitamin D
💡 Explanation: Sunlight helps the body produce Vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption and maintaining healthy bones.
Case Study 11: Anemia in Teenage Girls
Pooja, a 15-year-old girl, frequently feels tired and weak. Her parents notice that she looks pale and often complains of dizziness. A blood test confirms that she has iron deficiency anemia. The doctor advises her to consume iron-rich foods like spinach, beetroot, and jaggery.
Question 1
What is the main cause of iron deficiency anemia?
A) Lack of Vitamin C
B) Insufficient protein intake
C) Low hemoglobin levels due to iron deficiency
D) Excess calcium in the diet
✅ Answer: C) Low hemoglobin levels due to iron deficiency
💡 Explanation: Iron is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. A deficiency leads to anemia, causing weakness and dizziness.
Question 2
Which of the following is a good source of iron?
A) Apples
B) Spinach
C) Rice
D) Butter
✅ Answer: B) Spinach
💡 Explanation: Spinach, beetroot, and jaggery are rich in iron, helping to increase hemoglobin levels and prevent anemia.
Case Study: Nutrition
Food is an organic substance essential for survival. The simplest form of food is glucose, a simple sugar, while starch is a more complex carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy. Other food components include fats and proteins, which also contribute to energy production and body growth. A broader definition of food includes mineral salts, vitamins, and water, all of which are crucial for growth and development. The process of nutrition involves the intake and utilization of food to support metabolism. Nutrients such as carbohydrates and fats provide energy, whereas proteins and minerals help build tissues and organs.
Question 1
Which of the following is considered the simplest form of food?
A) Starch
B) Glucose
C) Proteins
D) Fats
✅ Answer: B) Glucose
💡 Explanation: Glucose is a simple sugar and the most basic form of carbohydrate. Starch is a complex carbohydrate made from glucose units.
Question 2
Which of the following nutrients is primarily responsible for the biosynthesis of body constituents like skin and blood?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Fats
C) Proteins
D) Water
✅ Answer: C) Proteins
💡 Explanation: Proteins are essential for the growth and repair of body tissues, including skin and blood. Carbohydrates and fats mainly provide energy.
Question 3
What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?
A) Formation of bones
B) Storage of minerals
C) Providing energy
D) Synthesis of enzymes
✅ Answer: C) Providing energy
💡 Explanation: Carbohydrates are the most common source of energy. They break down into glucose, which is utilized by cells for energy production.
Question 4
Which of the following best defines nutrition?
A) Process of excreting waste products from the body
B) Process of taking in food and utilizing it
C) Conversion of glucose into starch
D) Breakdown of proteins into amino acids
✅ Answer: B) Process of taking in food and utilizing it
💡 Explanation: Nutrition involves the intake of nutrients and their utilization by an organism to produce energy and support various body functions.
Question 5
Why are minerals and vitamins included in the definition of food?
A) They provide energy
B) They are required for normal growth and development
C) They act as structural components of tissues
D) They help in the digestion of food
✅ Answer: B) They are required for normal growth and development
💡 Explanation: While minerals and vitamins do not provide energy, they are essential for various physiological functions like metabolism, immunity, and development.
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